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담화‧인지 언어학회 제25회 정기학술대회일 시: 2005년 12월 10일 (토) 09:30-17:10
박 신정 (중앙대)
Conditions on the formation of -Er nominals in English
토론: 박 정운 (한국외대)
토론: 장 영준 (중앙대))
15:45-16:20
Conditions on the Formation of –Er Nominals in English
Shinjung Park
(Chung Ang University)
This paper is to examine the internal structure of Agent –Er nominals in English and propose a new mechanism of its construction. In English, the suffix –er is very productive and has many usages. Native speakers of English and English users as a second language can use and make –er nominals with their intuition. However, the construction has strong restrictions. When we think truck‐driver, we simply guess verbal suffix –er is attached to verb drive and it is matched with truck. In the same way, nevertheless, another example church‐goer cannot be explained. We cannot assume that verbal suffix –er is attached to verb go and goer is matched to church. It is because goer can not be used alone. We cannot hear that word. While church‐goer is possible, goer is not. Regarding this problem such as goer and comer, I took a test with English native speaker to see whether they accept those –er nominals or not. All English native speakers can understand church goer and new comer, but not goer and comer. That is why those –er nominals such as goer and comer are not informative. Therefore, I will propose new mechanism of –er nominals and the restriction of the construction by introducing Informative Filter. –Er nominals are derived from grammatical VP and they should go through Informative Filter.
 http://www.discog.com/modules/bbs/index.php?code=news_paper&mode=view&id=9&page=&___M_ID=60&sfield=&sword=
http://www.discog.com/modules/doc/index.php?doc=intro
http://voicespec.com/board.cgi?id=test1&action=view&gul=80&page=1&go_cnt=1
http://voicespec.com/board.cgi?id=test1
http://voicespec.com/
baby (babe/C2 + ’s/P); babe (marriage/T + ’s/P);
bachelor (knight/C2 + ’s/P); emperor (empire/C2 + ’s/P); decimal (digit/C2 + ’s/P);
pioneer/Ch/+cp, conceiver/Ch/+bp, mastermind/+cp, originator/+bp (master/T/Ch + ’s/P); master/Ch/+bp, superior/Ch/+cp, employer/+bp, lord/+cp (victory/C2/Ch + ’s/P); victory (victor/C2 + ’s/P); victor/Ch/+cp, winner/Ch/+bp, contestant/+cp, contestee/+bp (contest/T/Ch + ’s/P);
survivor (survival/C2 + ’s/P); survival/+cp/Ch, subsistence/+bp/Ch, life/+cp, endurance/+bp (bread/T/Ch + ’s/P);
vehicle/Ch/+bp, conveyor/Ch/+cp, substance/+bp, material/+cp (conveyance/C2 + ’s/P);
chanter (charity/C2 + ’s/P); massager/+bp, masseur/+cp (massage/C2 + ’s/P); bullfighter/+bp, picador/+cp, toreador/Ch/+bp, matador/Ch/+cp (bullfight/C2 + ’s/P);
위에서 보다시피 영어 명사는 (다른 언어도 마찬 가지이겠지만) 항상 명사로부터 생기지, 동사 등으로부터 파생되지는 않습니다.
사람이 말을 할 때는 입에 힘을 주며 자세가 잡히는데, 대개의 언어가 2 개의 복수 자세를 갖는 반면, 중국어는 1 개, 영어는 5 개의 자세 외에 Greek의 2 개 자세가 더 해지며, 영어의 5 개 자세는 영어 자신의 2 개 (/P, /S), CYRILLIC 2 개 (/C1, /C2), Phoenician/Canaanite 1 개 자세 (/T)로 구성되는데, 이는 근본적으로 영어 어휘가 3 개 국어와 Greek 계통의 파생어로 구성됨을 의미합니다.
즉, damages는 (Phoenician/Canaanite /T 계통의) 영어지만, damage는 Greek 계통의 파생어로 보입니다.
즉. "wound + s"에서, Greek 제 1 자세에서 "wound"를 조음/articulation하고, "s"는 Greek 제 2 자세에서 조음/articulation하면, damage가 발성됩니다.
driver는, "car + s"에서 "car"를 CYRILLIC 제 2 자세에서, "s"는 English primary posture에서 조음/articulation하면, driver가 발성됩니다.
churchgoer는, "church + s"에서 "church"를 Phoenician posture/자세에서, "s"는 English primary posture에서 조음/articulation하면, churchgoer가 발성되는 것으로 보이는군요.
newcomer는, "entrance + s"에서 "entrance"를 Phoenician posture/자세에서, "s"는 CYRILLIC 제 2 자세에서 조음/articulation하면, newcomer가 발성되는군요.
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